{"id":4251,"date":"2019-08-07T00:38:44","date_gmt":"2019-08-06T17:38:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.vodhotnews.com\/?p=4251"},"modified":"2019-08-08T10:40:12","modified_gmt":"2019-08-08T03:40:12","slug":"mounting-debt-outpaced-borrowers-ability-to-repay-report","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vodenglish.news\/mounting-debt-outpaced-borrowers-ability-to-repay-report\/","title":{"rendered":"Rising Microfinance Debt Levels \u2018Unsustainable\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Alarm bells are ringing for some researchers of Cambodian microfinance who say the heady growth of the sector could be leading the country toward an economic crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"sidebar sidebar-float\">\n\n  <div class=\"sidebar-title sidebar-title-red\">\n    Coverage of MFI Research\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"sidebar-box\">\n    <ul class=\"sidebar-ul\">\n      <li class=\"sidebar-li\">\n        <div class=\"sidebar-smalltext\">\n          <b>Story<\/b>: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.vodhotnews.com\/?p=4228\">Predatory Microlenders Abusing Rights of Poor Borrowers, Report Says<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/li>\n      <li class=\"sidebar-li\">\n        <div class=\"sidebar-smalltext\">\n          <b>Sidebar: Rising Microfinance Debt Levels \u2018Unsustainable\u2019<\/b>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/li>\n      <li class=\"sidebar-li\">\n        <div class=\"sidebar-smalltext\">\n          <b>Responses<\/b>: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.vodhotnews.com\/?p=4201\">MFIs, Shareholders Question Human Rights Allegations<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n  <\/div>\n    \n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A 2017 survey, \u201cOver-Indebtedness Study Cambodia,\u201d by Warsaw-based Microfinance Centre and Sydney-based Good Return, suggested 28 percent of Cambodian borrowers were insolvent \u2014 that is, they spent more on debt repayments than their entire net household income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A further 22 percent spent more than half of their income on debt servicing, it said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Together, half of all borrowers were overindebted, the survey suggested.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daniel Rozas, a microfinance researcher, said the industry was well aware of the possible dangers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe sector&#8217;s growth rate, especially with respect to growth in loan amounts, has been a deep concern of mine for several years, and I&#8217;ve personally advocated to those in the sector, including MFIs, investors, and others, that this level of growth is unsustainable,\u201d said Rozas, a consultant for the Cambodia Microfinance Association and author of the Microfinance Index of Market Outreach and Saturation (MIMOSA) reports on Cambodia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.licadho-cambodia.org\/reports.php?perm=228\">report<\/a> on alleged human rights abuses in the sector released on Wednesday, local rights group Licadho and housing rights NGO Sahmakum Teang Tnaut (STT) said the industry\u2019s \u201castonishing growth\u201d had \u201coutpaced borrowers\u2019 ability to repay loans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1020\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/en.vodhotnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Overdebt-02-2-1020x640.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vodenglish.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Overdebt-02-2.png 1020w, https:\/\/vodenglish.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Overdebt-02-2-240x150.png 240w, https:\/\/vodenglish.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Overdebt-02-2-462x290.png 462w, https:\/\/vodenglish.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Overdebt-02-2-768x482.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Drawing from 28 case studies, the NGOs said mounting pressure on borrowers to repay was leading to instances of coerced land sales, unethical lending practices, child labor and debt bondage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Milford Bateman, visiting professor of economics at Juraj Dobrila University at Pula in Croatia and an affiliated researcher at Phnom Penh\u2019s Future Forum, said the pressure was also building on the microfinance economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBased on the current indicators, the situation in Cambodia I would say is on a knife-edge,\u201d Bateman said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nearly 40 percent of some 3.4 million rural households in the country were in debt in 2017, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nis.gov.kh\/nis\/CSES\/Final%20Report%20CSES%202017.pdf\">Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During his most recent visit to the country in January, he saw in rural areas \u201chuge oversupply, pressure-selling of more microloans, real social problems created by an inability to repay, growing land loss as potential defaulters are pressured into selling their land, and streets and streets of informal microenterprise each selling only a handful of items daily and becoming very resentful of having to work harder and yet make less money.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All that was needed was a trigger, Bateman said: a downturn in garments manufacturing if duty-free trade with the E.U. were to be lost over human rights concerns, or a collapse in Chinese investment due to an external shock.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dos Dinn, a board member of the Cambodia Microfinance Association (CMA) and CEO of Amret, said the industry was working on solutions to sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are aware that if we grow too much we will run into a crisis or a small crisis of overindebtedness,\u201d Dinn said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Initiatives currently in progress include certification under the global Smart Campaign, which includes 95 criteria for client protection; the CMA\u2019s Lending Guidelines to reduce high-risk lending; and monitoring programs through the National Bank of Cambodia and foreign institutional shareholders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Smart Campaign addresses appropriate financial product design and delivery, prevention of overindebtedness, transparency, responsible pricing, fair and respectful treatment of clients, privacy of client data, and mechanisms for complaint resolution, CMA said in a statement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozas, who has been working with CMA on the Lending Guidelines, said their goals included decreasing the incidence of multiple loans, refinancing and land sales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe willingness of most leading Cambodian MFIs to adopt and submit to outside monitoring (the indicators are tracked via data from the Credit Bureau of Cambodia) reflects a sector that is cognizant that lending poses both opportunities as well as risks to the borrowers,\u201d Rozas said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Microfinance involved risk \u2014 and \u201cthose risks should never include unconscionable sacrifices by the borrower,\u201d he noted \u2014 but they were also part of improving the ease of access to money, he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Note: The headline originally read \u201cMounting Debt \u2018Outpaced Borrowers\u2019 Ability to Repay\u2019: Report\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<style>\n  .sidebar {\n    margin: 30px 0;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    line-height: 1.25;\n    background-color: #f0f0e0;\n    color: #404040;\n    hyphenate: auto;\n  }\n  .sidebar-float {\n    float: right;\n    max-width: 350px;\n    margin: 15px;\n  }\n  .sidebar-bordered {\n    border-top: solid;\n    border-bottom: solid;\n    border-width: 5px;\n    border-color: #e0e0d0;\n  }\n  .sidebar-title {\n    background-color: #404040;\n    color: #ffffff;\n    padding: 10px 15px;\n    box-shadow: 0 0.02cm 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\n    font-weight: bold;\n  }\n  .sidebar-title-red {\n    background-color: #c08070;\n  }\n  .sidebar-box {\n    padding: 12.5px 15px;\n  }\n  .sidebar-flex {\n    display: flex;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    align-items: stretch;\n  }\n  .sidebar-column {\n    padding: 0 15px 12.5px 15px;\n    flex: 1 1 33%;\n    min-width: 250px;\n  }\n  .sidebar-column-full {\n    flex: 1 1 100%;\n  }\n  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heady growth of the sector could be leading the country toward an economic crisis. Coverage of MFI Research Story: Predatory Microlenders Abusing Rights of Poor Borrowers, Report Says Sidebar: Rising Microfinance Debt Levels \u2018Unsustainable\u2019 Responses: MFIs, Shareholders Question Human Rights Allegations A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":4230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[19],"tags":[382],"priority":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Rising Microfinance Debt Levels \u2018Unsustainable\u2019<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Alarm bells are ringing for some researchers of Cambodian microfinance who say the heady growth of the sector could be leading the country toward an\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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